Pesticide additives are added to the processing or use of pesticide formulations, used to improve the physical and chemical properties of the auxiliary substances, also known as pesticide auxiliaries. Adjuvants themselves are basically not biologically active, but can affect the control effect. A wide variety of pesticides, physical and chemical properties vary, and the processing requirements of the formulations are different, so the need for additives are different.
1、Filler or carrier
Fillers can be used to dilute the original pesticide, reduce the amount of the original drug, so that the original drug to facilitate mechanical crushing, increase the dispersion of the original drug, is the manufacture of powder or wettable powder filler material, solid pesticide formulations processing, in order to adjust the finished product content or improve the physical state of the solid inert mineral, plant or synthetic substances added. Commonly used are alabaster, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, clay, etc.. Its role is to dilute the original drug, the second is to adsorb the original drug. It is mainly used to make powder, wettable powder, granule, water dispersible granule, etc.
2、Solvent
Used to dissolve and dilute the active ingredients of pesticides, so that it is easy to process and use of organic substances. Commonly used are xylene, toluene, benzene, etc.. Mostly used in the processing of emulsifiable oils. Requires strong solvency, low toxicity, high flash point, non-flammable, low cost and wide sources.
3、Emulsifier
The original incompatible two-phase liquid (such as oil and water), one phase of the liquid to a very small bead of liquid stable dispersion in the other phase of liquid, the formation of opaque or translucent emulsion, the role of surfactants called emulsifiers. Such as calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate. Mostly used in the processing of emulsified oils, water emulsions and microemulsions.
4、Wetting agent
Also known as wet spreading agent, is a class of surfactants that significantly reduce the liquid-solid interfacial tension, increase the contact of liquid to the solid surface or increase the wetting and spreading of the solid surface. Wet spreading agent can reduce the surface tension of water, so that water is easy to wet the solid surface of the additives. When the liquid is sprayed to the surface of the drug, it is easy to wet and spread on the surface of the drug to improve the control effect, such as teaquat, saponin, sodium dodecyl sulfate, pulling away powder, etc. Mainly used for wettable powder, water dispersible granules, water and water suspension processing and as a spraying aid.
5、Dispersants
Dispersants are divided into two kinds, one for the original pesticide dispersant, a substance with high viscosity characteristics, through mechanical action, the molten pesticide can be dispersed into a colloidal granular agent, such as waste mucilage concentrate, pulp waste concentrate; the other is a dispersant for pesticide formulations, can prevent powder flocculation, so that powdered pesticides in the spray cloth can be well dispersed. Surfactants in the processing of pesticide formulations that can prevent solid particles from aggregating in the solid-liquid dispersion system and keep them evenly dispersed in the liquid phase for a longer period of time. Such as sodium lignosulfonate, NNO, etc. It is mainly used in the processing of wettable powder, water dispersible granules and water suspension.
6、Permeating agent
Can promote the pesticide active ingredients into the treatment object such as plants, pests inside the surfactants, mostly used in the formulation of highly permeable pesticide formulation products. Such as penetrant T, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, etc.
7、Adhesive agent
Can increase the adhesion of pesticides to the surface of the solid additives. Increased adhesion of pharmaceuticals and resistance to rain flushing, improve the effectiveness. Such as adding the right amount of viscous mineral oil in the powder, adding the right amount of starch paste, gelatin, etc. in the liquid pesticide.
8, stabilizers
There are two categories: one can inhibit or slow down the decomposition of pesticide active ingredients, such as antioxidants, anti-photolytic agents, etc.; the other can improve the physical stability of the preparation, such as anti-caking agents and anti-settling agents.
9, synergists
Itself no biological activity, but can inhibit the detoxification enzymes in organisms, mixed with certain pesticides, can significantly increase the toxicity and efficacy of pesticides compounds. Such as synergistic phosphorus, synergistic ether, etc. For the control of resistant pests, delay resistance and improve the effectiveness of prevention and other important significance.
10、Safety agent
Compounds that reduce or eliminate herbicide damage to crops, can improve the safety of herbicide use.
In addition, there are foaming agents, defoamers, antifreeze, preservatives and warning colors and other additives. Generally speaking, pesticide additives themselves are not biologically active, but the choice of additives or not, the efficacy of pesticide formulations have a great impact on performance. For example, the mixture of emulsifiable oil containing 10% diabase and 30% diesel oil, and 20% diabase emulsifiable oil without diesel oil has a similar weed-killing effect, while the amount of diabase is 1 times different; when using Bordeaux liquid, if you add 0.2%-0.3% bone gum in it, can resist rainwater erosion, and can improve the effect of disease prevention. The reasonable use of pesticide additives can often improve the safety of pharmaceuticals to plants and reduce the toxicity to humans and animals.
