Background and overview of the uses of glycidol
Epoxy compounds are a very important class of organic chemical raw materials and intermediates. This type of compound molecule contains a three-membered oxygen ring structure. Under the action of an acidic or alkaline catalyst, the three-membered oxygen ring is easily ring-opened and can be nucleophilic with water, alcohol, amine, ammonia, phenol or carboxylic acid. Substances undergo addition reactions and are therefore widely used.
Among them, glycidol (also known as glycidol, abbreviated as GLD) has a simple glycerol skeleton and special structure and energy groups. Therefore, it has broad application prospects in organic synthesis and can be used to synthesize a series of treatments. Blockers of cardiovascular disease (such as propranolol and atenolo1), HIV protease inhibitors for the treatment of AIDS, antiviral drugs and many lactones and glycerophospholipids, and can also be used as important intermediates for some optoelectronic materials and functional polymer materials .
Glycidyl alcohol is a colorless liquid with a molecular weight of 74.08, a melting point of -53°C, a boiling point of 162~163°C (decomposition), a relative density of 1.115 (20/4°C), a refractive index of 1.4311, a flash point of 71.5°C, and can be used with Water, ether, toluene, chloroform, low-carbon alcohols, etc. are soluble in each other, but insoluble in aliphatic and alicyclic hydrocarbons. It can self-polymerize and can be used as epoxy resin diluent, resin and fiber modifier, food preservative, beer bactericide, etc.
Uses and uses of glycidyl alcohol
Glycidyl alcohol (GLY) is an important fine chemical raw material and is widely used in the fields of surface coatings, chemical synthesis, pharmaceutical chemicals and other fields. Application examples are as follows:
1. Preparation of a highly water-dispersible hyperbranched polyglycerol surface-modified graphene. This method does not require the use of highly toxic catalyst potassium methoxide. It only uses oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of graphene and controls the reaction temperature to initiate the ring-opening polymerization of glycidol on the surface of graphene, and then uses vitamin C as a reducing agent to reduce it to obtain Hyperbranched polyglycerol surface-modified graphene with high water dispersibility. The technical solution of the present invention is easy to operate, green and non-toxic. Including the following steps:
1) Mix 50 to 250 mg of dry graphite oxide powder prepared by the modified Hummers method with 7 to 25 mL of glycidyl alcohol with a purity of 96 to 99% (GC), and then disperse it ultrasonically for 1 to 2 hours;
2) Pour the dispersion after ultrasonic treatment according to step 1) into a flask, heat and stir magnetically to initiate the ring-opening polymerization of glycidyl alcohol; cool the obtained colloidal solution to room temperature, and add 50 to 250 mL of sterile Disperse with water and methanol again, ultrasonic for 10 to 30 minutes, then add 100 to 500 mL of acetone, and let it stand. A black solid will precipitate in the solution. Pour off the supernatant to obtain a black solid. After repeating this washing process three times, put the black solid at room temperature. Dry under vacuum for 8 to 10 hours to obtain black powder;
3) Disperse the black powder prepared according to step 2) into 50 to 250 mL of water, ultrasonicate in a water bath for 5 to 10 minutes, add 50 to 250 mg of reducing agent to the dispersion at room temperature, and stir for 15 to 30 hour, the obtained product is dialyzed in deionized water for 1 to 3 days, and then centrifuged at high speed for 1 to 2 hours, and the precipitate is freeze-dried to obtain hyperbranched polyglycerol surface-modified graphene.
2. Preparation of glycidyl etheroxysilane. This one-step method uses chlorosilane as raw material and overcomes the shortcomings of high cost, low yield, and long cycle of traditional multi-step preparation methods. Synthesis method, specific steps are as follows:
1) Add glycidyl alcohol, acid binding agent and solvent to the reaction vessel to obtain a mixed solution;
2) Cool and keep the above mixed solution warm for 20 to 40 minutes, then add disubstituted dichlorosilane or monosubstituted trichlorosilane dissolved in the solvent; after the addition is completed, control the temperature to 0°C to 25 ℃, continue stirring the reaction for 8 to 24 hours;
3) After the reaction is completed, filter to remove the solid generated by the reaction and collect the filtrate;
4) Use a rotary evaporator to remove most of the solvent in the filtrate, and remove the remaining excess solvent and excess glycidyl alcohol in a vacuum oven at 60-100°C;
5) Cool to room temperature to obtain the glycidyl etheroxysilane product.
Use of glycidyl alcohol poisoning and its treatment
Use Diagnosis of Glycidol:
1. Tears, sore throat, cough, and even difficulty breathing and pulmonary edema.
2. Dizziness, nausea, vomiting, unsteady gait, and ataxia. In severe cases, irritability, multitalk, delirium, and even coma and damage to multiple organs may be seen.
3. Eye damage, conjunctival congestion and edema.
4. Skin contact dermatitis, and even blisters and deep skin tissue necrosis.
Use of glycidyl alcohol:
1. Contact should be quickly removed, oxygen should be administered, and symptomatic treatment such as glucocorticoids and antibiotics should be given to prevent infection and atomized inhalation.
2. Conjunctiva and skin irritation can be treated symptomatically.
Use and preparation of glycidyl alcohol
Lipase is used to catalyze the preparation of peroxyacid in an organic medium. Propylene alcohol undergoes epoxidation reaction under the action of peroxyacid to generate glycidyl alcohol. The optimal enzyme source is lipase BSL2, its optimal concentration is 40g/L; the optimal carboxylic acid substrate is 2-phenylacetic acid, its optimal concentration is 2 mo~L; the optimal solvent is toluene; the optimal reaction temperature The temperature is 4O℃. Under the above reaction conditions, the conversion rate of propylene alcohol epoxidation can reach 67%. The specific steps are as follows: Dissolve 5 mmol of propylene alcohol and a certain amount of carboxylic acid in 10 mL of organic solvent, add lipase, and stir for 15 min to mix evenly. Under constant temperature stirring, 30 μl of formylbenzene boric acid was added dropwise to the reaction solution every 5 minutes.Add 30% hydrogen peroxide until all 720 IxL is added (do not add too much hydrogen peroxide at one time, otherwise it will cause enzyme inactivation). Keep stirring at constant temperature for 16 hours. After the reaction stops, filter the lipase to remove it, wash the reaction solution with water to remove excess hydrogen peroxide, and dry the combined organic phase over anhydrous sulfur high-purity sodium calcium carbonate.
